• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    It is a method for estimating a state of charge (SOCpack) of a battery comprising a plurality of cells (C1, ... CN) electrochemical connected in series, each of the cells (C1, ... CN ) having a state of charge (SOC) within a state of charge utilization range comprising a minimum permissible state of charge (BSOCmin) and a maximum permissible state of charge (BSOCmax). The method comprises a step of estimating the state of charge of the SOCpack according to the minimum state of charge (SOCmin) and the state of maximum charge (SOCmax), and according to a minimum value of permissible state of charge (BSOCmin) and a maximum permissible state of charge (BSOCmax), said minimum permissible state of charge (BSOCmin) and said maximum permissible state of charge (BSOCmax) of each cell being adjusted according to at least one physical quantity representative of a state of health of the cell and / or temperature.
    公开号:FR3018360A1
    申请号:FR1451892
    申请日:2014-03-07
    公开日:2015-09-11
    发明作者:Marc Lucea
    申请人:Renault SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to a method and a system for estimating the state of charge of a state of charge of a battery comprising a plurality of cells having a variable state of charge utilization range. a battery comprising several electrochemical cells connected in series. This invention can be applied regardless of the type of battery and extends non-exclusively to vehicles. In particular, the invention finds particular application in industrial fields such as automobiles and computers; it is valid for any embedded or unloaded system.
    [0002] State of the art In the non-limiting field of electric and hybrid vehicles, one of the main challenges of traction battery management systems is the estimation of the state of charge of the battery, also called SOC (English initials). Saxon meaning "State of Charge"). This information is displayed on the instrument panel, in the form of a "battery gauge", and allows the driver to know the remaining mileage. Since the range of an electric vehicle is much lower than that of a thermal vehicle, it is important to reassure the driver by providing the most reliable information possible. Errors in estimating the battery gauge can cause the driver to end up in unpleasant situations (dry failure) or even dangerous (lack of power during an overrun).
    [0003] Today, the state of SOCpack charge of a battery comprising N electrochemical cells Ci (where i integer between 1 and N) connected in series is estimated classically from measurements relating to the battery considered in its entirety. Thus, a first device measures the total voltage UBAT delivered by the battery, measured across all the cells in series, and current and temperature sensors respectively measure the IBAT current through the battery and the temperature TBAT battery . From these three measurements, a software block calculates an estimate of SOCpack state of charge using a conventional method such as an ampere-hour-metric method, or a model of the Kalman filtering type. Such an estimation based on global measurements thus corresponds roughly to an average of the state of charge of the cells. However, the electrochemical cells constituting the battery have, by their construction, characteristics different from each other in terms of dispersion of their capacity and their internal resistance, and also undergo different temperature variations due to their location in drums. As a result, these cells necessarily have different states of charge from each other, which is why the battery is said to be out of balance. When this happens, the battery usage range is imposed by the most charged cell and the least charged cell. In this case, the estimate based on global measurements is wrong. Other estimation devices envisaged recommend estimating the state of charge of each cell individually, to deduce a state of charge value for the battery, taking into account the imbalance of the cells. Such a device ideally comprises a first equipment simultaneously measuring the voltages U1 to UN at the terminals of each cell Ci composing the battery, a current sensor respectively measuring the current IBAT through the N cells of the battery and temperature sensors supplying the temperature Ti each cell Ci composing the battery. From each measurement Ui, Ti and 'BAT, N software blocks calculate an estimate of the charge state SOCi of each cell Ci, using a conventional method such as an ampere-hour-metric method, or a modeling of the Kalman filtering type. The SOCpack state of charge of the battery is then estimated by a calculation module from N load states delivered SOCi by the software blocks. These devices are certainly more accurate, but also more expensive and more complex from a software point of view. They require voltage measurements at the terminals of each cell in the battery and sophisticated models to describe the behavior of each cell (Kalman filter in particular). In the case of a high voltage battery, such as those used for an electric vehicle, the large number of elementary cells (96 bells in the current batteries) makes the cost of the device important. Finally, in the field, there is known a method of estimating a state of charge of a battery in which, based on estimates of a state of maximum charge SOC ,, a 'of the cell the most charged and on a minimum charge state SOCmin of the least charged cell, it is possible to reconstruct the SOCpack state of charge of the battery; the SOCpack charge state value tends to 0 when the SOCrnir minimum charge state, tends to 0, and to 1 when the minimum charge state SOCmax tends to 1. Such a method is disclosed by the applicant in FR2990516 . It was found that this method was not optimal because it uses a minimum value of load state BSOCmin and a maximum value of load state BSOCmax which are fixed, which prevents to maintain a constant value the maximum amount of energy stored in the battery, especially regardless of the state of aging of the cells. For the user, the variability of the maximum amount of energy stored is detrimental because it can cause unpleasant situations such as dry failure or lack of power when exceeded: these situations are due to a poor estimate of the energy consumption. state of charge of the battery.
    [0004] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION In this context, the aim of the invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art by proposing, at a lower cost, a method of accurately estimating a charge state of a battery taking into account the imbalance of the cells. In particular, it is a question of offering a method in which the maximum amount of energy stored is globally constant in order to avoid that the user finds himself in an uncomfortable situation preventing him from estimating whether the remaining autonomy the vehicle is sufficient to complete the journey. Another aim here is to adjust the state of charge utilization range of each cell taking into account the state of health of the cell, including its aging state. Finally, the present invention aims to propose a method for estimating a state of charge of a battery based on estimates of the state of charge of the cells or the battery in order to limit the number of computers necessary to implement this method. The solution proposed is that the method for estimating a state of charge of a battery comprising several electrochemical cells connected in series, each of the cells having a state of charge maintained between a minimum value of acceptable state of charge and a value maximum allowable state of charge, comprises the following steps: - a step of determining at a given instant of the minimum cell voltage and the maximum cell voltage among the voltages at the terminals of the cells, - a calculation step of a minimum state of charge of the cell having the minimum cell voltage and a maximum state of charge of the cell having the maximum cell voltage, the state of charge of the battery being between said minimum state of charge and said maximum state of charge, - a step of adjusting said minimum value of admissible state of charge and said maximum value of admissible state of charge of each cell in function of at least one physical quantity representative of a state of health of the cell and / or as a function of the temperature of the battery.
    [0005] This solution overcomes the aforementioned problems. More precisely, the adjustment of the minimum value of admissible state of charge and of said maximum value of admissible state of charge of each cell as a function of a physical quantity representative of a state of health of the cell makes it possible to take the state of health of each cell is counted in order to wisely choose a state of charge utilization range minimizing the estimation uncertainties of the state of charge of the battery comprising said cells. This approach makes it possible to estimate more reliably the remaining battery life that is conventionally applied to an electric or hybrid vehicle. The dependence of the state of charge utilization ranges of the cells on their respective states of health makes it possible to keep a maximum amount of energy stored in the battery substantially constant. Moreover, this method makes it possible to adjust the states of minimum and maximum charge of the battery according to the state of health of each cell and this by using a minimum of equipment. As an example, a current sensor placed in series with the cells, a sensor for measuring the temperature of the battery, an electronic component able to measure only the minimum cell voltage and maximum cell voltage and a management system of the state of charge of the battery collecting the current measurement made by the current sensor, the temperature measurement performed by the temperature sensor and the measurement of the minimum cell voltage and the maximum cell voltage, allow achieve this result with few computational resources. In one embodiment, the method includes at least one step including: - adjusting the state of charge of the battery to the minimum state of charge value when the minimum state of charge of the cell having the cell voltage minimum is strictly less than the minimum allowable state of charge of said cell, and / or, - adjust the state of charge of the battery to the maximum state of charge when the state of maximum charge of the cell having the maximum cell voltage is strictly greater than the maximum value of permissible state of charge of said cell. In another embodiment, when the maximum charge state of the cell having the maximum cell voltage is less than or equal to the maximum permissible state of charge of said cell and the minimum charge state of the cell having the minimum cell voltage is greater than or equal to the minimum acceptable state of charge of said cell, the estimation method 10 includes a step including estimating the state of charge (SOCpack) of the battery at a given instant k, using the relation: soci, A) -Bsocinin (k) socp-k (0 =, 'x (Bsocina' (0-Bsocinfr, (0) + Bsocinin (k) (Bsocina ' In one embodiment of the invention, when the maximum charge state of the cell having the maximum cell voltage is strictly greater than the maximum permissible state of charge of said cell and that the minimum state of charge of the cell having the minimum cell voltage is strict Although the method includes a step including assigning the "unavailable" value to the state of charge of the battery. In one embodiment, said at least one physical quantity representative of a state of health of the cell is a voltage measured across the cell and / or a current flowing through the cell and / or a temperature related to the cell. In one embodiment, the correspondence between the minimum and maximum permissible state of charge values and said at least one physical quantity representative of the state of health of the cell is predetermined, preferably in a table of value. In one embodiment: the utilization range defined between the minimum permissible state of charge value and the maximum permissible state of charge state is arranged so as to widen according to the state of health of the the cell and the progress of its aging, and / or - said range of use is arranged to be bounded when the battery temperature is relatively low and below a predetermined temperature threshold. A second object of the invention is also referred to in which a system for estimating a state of charge of a battery comprising a plurality of electrochemical cells connected in series, each of the cells having a state of charge to maintain between a minimum value. of admissible state of charge and a maximum value of admissible state of charge comprises: - a current sensor able to provide a measurement of the current of the battery, - one or more temperature sensors able to provide a measurement of the temperature of the battery. the battery, an electronic control unit able to collect the minimum cell voltage and the maximum cell voltage among the voltages at the terminals of the cells, the electronic control unit comprising a second estimation module able to estimate the state the minimum cell voltage, the current measurement and the temperature measurement of the battery, a third sth estimation module able to estimate the maximum state of charge of the cell by means of the maximum cell voltage, the current measurement and the temperature measurement of the battery, a fifth estimation module able to determine the state of charge as a function of the minimum state of charge and the maximum state of charge, and as a function of the minimum value of state of charge and the maximum value of state of charge determined by a fourth module adapted to adjust said minimum value of admissible state of charge and said maximum value of permissible state of charge of each cell according to at least one physical quantity representative of a state of health of the cell and / or depending on the temperature of the battery. In one embodiment, the system comprises a first module capable of delivering directly to the electronic control unit only the minimum cell voltage and the maximum cell voltage. According to a third object, a vehicle comprising an estimation system according to one of the aforementioned embodiments is also targeted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES FIG. 1 shows a method of estimating a state of charge of a battery according to a prior art in which there is a first situation where the battery is in an initial state, a second situation. where the battery is fully charged and a third situation where the battery is completely discharged. It is highlighted here that the state of charge utilization range of the battery is imposed by the most charged cell or by the least charged cell, because of the use constraints specific to the cells that must remain in the cell. a range of voltage and state of charge given to avoid any risk of fire or premature deterioration. For each of the situations shown, the actual usage range is 96%. FIG. 2 shows a graph showing the evolution of the minimum charge state of the cell having the minimum cell voltage, the maximum charge state of the cell having the maximum cell voltage, and the state of charge. charge of the battery between the minimum state of charge and the state of maximum charge, as a function of time, during a phase of destocking of the battery, for a range of use of state of charge of the cells included between 0% and 100%, according to an earlier estimation method. FIG. 3 shows a graph similar to the graph of FIG. 2, for a cell charge utilization range of between 20% and 80%, according to an earlier method. FIG. 4 shows a graph similar to the graph of FIG. 2, for the same range of charge state utilization of the cells between 20% and 80%, for a method according to the invention. The circles present in Figure 2 highlight the correspondence between the minimum and maximum load state of the cells and the state of charge of the battery, when the battery has a state of charge of 20% or 80%. FIG. 5 shows a graph similar to the graph of FIG. 4, for a range of cell state of charge utilization between 30% and 70%, for a method according to the invention.
    [0006] FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the system comprising means for implementing the method according to the invention.
    [0007] DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION In the following, we consider a battery comprising N electrochemical cells C1 to CN connected in series. In operation, the N cells are thus traversed by the same current 'BAT., And the UBAT voltage across the battery corresponds at each instant to the sum of the N voltages U1 to UN taken across the N cells. According to the invention, the estimation of the state of charge of the battery is obtained by focusing on two particular values of the N cell voltages at a given moment, one corresponding to the minimum value over all the cell voltages, called minimum cell voltage, the other corresponding to the maximum value over all cell voltages, called maximum cell voltage, these two values being noted respectively Ucmin and Ucmax. Each of the cells C1 to CN has a state of charge SOC included in a state of charge utilization range comprising a minimum permissible state of charge BSOCrnin and a maximum permissible state of charge BSOCrnax; the operation of the cells in this range of use makes it possible to preserve them from possible damage. It is indeed possible to define a physical quantity on which the SOCpack state of charge of the battery depends directly or indirectly, this physical quantity itself directly or indirectly analytically dependent on the state of minimum charge SOCmin and the state of charge. SOCmax maximum load according to an equation including weighting elements ensuring that the weight associated with the state of maximum load SOCmax increases when the state of charge of the associated cell increases, and the weight associated with the minimal state of charge SOCmin increases when the state of charge of the associated cell decreases. It is therefore first of all to determine at a given moment the minimum cell voltage Ucmin and the maximum cell voltage Ucmax among the voltages at the terminals of the cells. It is then necessary to calculate a minimum SOCrnin state of charge of the cell having the minimum cell voltage Ucmin and a maximum state of charge SOCmax of the cell having the maximum cell voltage Ucmax, the SOCpack state of charge of the battery being included between the said minimum state of charge SOCrnin and the state of maximum load SOCmax- The invention aims to ensure that the weight associated with the state of maximum load SOCmax is maximum when this state of charge is in the vicinity of a threshold of use predetermined maximum corresponding to the maximum permissible load state value BSOCrnax of the associated cell, and the weight associated with the minimum state of charge SOCrnin is maximum when this charge state SOCrnin is in the vicinity of a minimum utilization threshold predetermined value corresponding to the minimum allowable load state BSOCrnin of the associated cell. Between the two, the variation of the physical quantity must be continuous and without abrupt variations. After the calculation step for determining the SOCrnin minimum charge state by means of the minimum cell voltage Ucmin and the maximum charge state SOCrnax by means of the maximum cell voltage Ucmax, it is then possible to adjust the state of charge of the SOCpack battery pack as a function of the minimum and maximum SOCrnin and SOCrrtaxr charge states of said minimum allowable state of charge value BSOCmin and of said maximum permissible state of charge value BSOCmax.
    [0008] According to the invention, said minimum allowable load state value BSOCrnin and said maximum permissible load state value BSOCmax of each cell are variable.
    [0009] More precisely, these values BSOCmin and BSOCmax are adjusted according to at least one physical quantity representative of a state of health of the cell and / or as a function of the BAT temperature of the battery. This state of health of the cell actually defines the state of aging of the cell. A schematic diagram of an estimation system comprising means for implementing the method according to the invention is shown in FIG. 6. The estimation system comprises a first module 10 connected to each terminal of the cells C1. ..CN component battery, able to deliver the minimum cell voltages Ucmin and maximum Un-na ,. The first module 10 is preferably a component capable of performing the MIN-MAX function, that is to say, determining and delivering directly to an ECU electronic control unit the minimum cell voltage Ucmin and the maximum cell voltage Ucmam without that it is necessary to measure the N cell voltages. This first module 10 may be an analog or software component. The first module 10 is preferably capable of identifying the two cells which have the Ucmin and Ucmax values, making it possible to have a method that is as accurate as ever but requires less computing power. The system further comprises a current sensor (not shown) able to provide an IBAT measurement of the battery current and one or more temperature sensors (not shown) capable of providing one or more IBAT measurements of the battery temperature. Typically, the ECU electronic control unit 30 thus collects the IBAT current measurement, the IBAT temperature measurement of the battery, and therefore the minimum cell voltage Ucmin and the maximum cell voltage Ucmam. The electronic control unit ECU calculates, by means of a second estimation module 20, the minimum state of charge SOCmin of the cell from the minimum cell voltage Ucmin, the current measurement IBAT and the measurement of the current. temperature TElaT of the battery. A third estimation module 30 calculates the maximum charge state SOCmax of the cell from the maximum cell voltage Ucmax, the current measurement IBAT and the temperature measurement BAT of the battery. These second and third estimation modules 20, 30 calculate estimates of the state of charge of the cell respectively SOCmin r SOCmax from the three values. The estimation of the state of maximum charge SOCmax and the SOCmin minimum charge state is typically done by integrating the IBAT current of the battery, by Kalman filtering or by any other method known to those skilled in the art. A fourth calculation module 40, preferably in the electronic control unit UCE, receives information relating to the state of health of the cells, in particular their state of aging. The incoming physical quantities of this fourth computing module 40 are the cell voltage, the IBAT current measurement, the BAT battery temperature measurement, the cell discharge time, the maximum battery pack capacity, estimation of the increase of internal resistance of the battery, or any other characteristic quantity of the aging of the cells and the battery pack. The calculation of the minimum value of allowable load state BSOCrnin and of said maximum permissible state of charge BSOCmax by the fourth module 40 can be further refined taking into account the temperature in the vicinity of the two identified cells, and using their maximum capacity. From at least one of these physical quantities, this fourth module 40 adjusts the minimum allowable load state value BSOCmin and the said maximum allowable load state value BSOCmax defining the range of use of the cells, which enables to take into account the state of aging of the cell. Such an arrangement promotes the conservation of a maximum amount of usable energy of the battery at a substantially constant level. In one embodiment, the utilization range defined between the minimum allowable load state value BSOCmin and the maximum allowable load state value BSOCmax is arranged to expand according to the state of health. of the cell and the progress of its aging. In another embodiment, said range of use is arranged to be bounded when the battery temperature is relatively low and below a predetermined temperature threshold, depending on the performance characteristics and / or cold aging of the cells. electrochemical constituting the battery, for example 0 ° C. It is the fourth module 40 that processes this information to change the range of use. A fifth estimation module 50, in the electronic control unit UCE, receives on the one hand, the estimates of the minimum SOCrnin state of charge and the maximum state of charge SOCrnax resulting from said second and third module of estimate 20.30, and on the other hand the minimum value of load state BSOCmin and the maximum value of load state BSOCrrtaxr and calculate an estimate of the state of charge of the SOCpack battery from these values. . A function of this fifth estimation module 50 is to weight the SOCrrrtinr SOCmax values as a function of the signals BSOCmin and BSOCmax (which define the range of use in SOC of each of the cells), in order to give more weight to the information. SOCmax when a cell approaches the maximum value BSOCrrtaxr and, in the opposite case, to give more weight to the SOCmin information when a cell approaches the minimum value BSOC, 'n. Between these two extreme cases, the SOCpack state of charge of the battery must have a continuous behavior, without abrupt modifications of its value, and bounded by the values SOCmin and SOCmax of the cells. Beyond the nominal operating range, i.e., when the least charged cell reaches a SOC state of charge lower than BSOC ', or when the most charged cell reaches a SOC state higher than BSOCrrtax the SOCpack state of charge of the battery must follow the variation of the most limiting cell (that is to say SOCmin or SOCmax respectively). To arrive at this result, the fifth module 50 implements an algorithm. According to several cases: - If SOC. WCSB ''. and SOC. WCSB. , then the following formula is applied: (k) - BSOCinill (k) SOC pack (k) = x (BSOCina, (0-BSOCin, '(0 + BSOC11,111 (k) SOC (BSOCmax (k) - SOC ina , (0+ (SOC BSOC m, '(k)) in which SOCmin, SOCrrrrrrr BSOCmin respectively of sampled values, at the discrete instant k, of the minimum state of charge, of the state of maximum charge, of the minimum permissible state of charge BSOCrnin and maximum permissible state of charge BSOCmax - If SOCmin <BSOC ', in and SOC, BSOC.', then the following relationship is applied: SOC pack (k) = SOC min (k) - If SOC'in BSOC'in and SOC,> BSOC., Then is applied la and BSOCrna, are the following relation: SOCpack (k) = SOC. (K) - If SOC n <BSOCninetS0C.> BSOC., Then the SOCpack state of charge of the battery is considered unavailable.
    [0010] The battery is said to be unbalanced because the most charged cell has exceeded the maximum permissible state of charge BSOCmax while the least loaded is less than the minimum value of admissible load status BSOCrnin. Such a battery is in fact unusable, and requires at least a rebalancing. The use of such an algorithm for estimating the SOCpack state of charge of the battery makes it possible to obtain the behaviors described in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, for two different values of BSOCrnin and BSOCmax: the SOCpack varies continuously between SOCrnin and SOCmax, and tends to SOCrnin value when it approaches BSOCrnin, and to SOCmax when it approaches BSOCmax. Beyond the nominal area, SOCpack is equal to either SOCrnin (when SOCmin <BSOCrain) or SOCmax (when SOCrnax> BSOCrrtax) - In Figure 4, is shown the result of SOCpack state of charge estimation of the battery in a range of use between a BSOCrnin value equal to 0.2 and a BSOCmax value equal to 0.8. It can be seen with the method and / or the estimation system according to the invention that the SOCpack state of charge of the battery follows the SOCrnin minimum charge state for values less than or equal to 0.2 and the state of charge. SOCmax maximum load for values greater than or equal to 0.8. The SOCpack state of charge of the battery automatically adapts to the range of use that can be modified according to the state of health of the cells. FIG. 5 shows a result of estimating the state of charge SOCpack of the comparable battery over a range between a value BSOCrnin equal to 0.3 and a value BSOC, a, equal to 0.7. The behavior SOCpack state of charge of the battery is in conformity with that expected, the estimate automatically adapting to the modified range of use. Comparing with methods of the prior art whose results are shown in Figures 2 and 3, the SOCpack state of charge of the battery is not satisfactory here. Indeed, when the state of charge of the SOCmin battery of the least charged cell reaches 0.2 (ie the minimum value of allowable load state BSOCrnin), the state of charge SOCpack of the battery is strictly greater than 0.2. Likewise, when the state of charge of the SOCmax battery of the most charged cell reaches 0.8, the SOCpack state of charge of the battery is strictly less than 0.8. In this method of the prior art, these ranges of use are not taken into account. As a result, this method does not take into account the state of health of the cells and the evolution of their state of aging over time.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Method for estimating a state of charge (SOCpack) of a battery comprising a plurality of electrochemically connected cells (C1, -CN) connected in series, each of the cells (C1, ... CN) having a state of charge (SOC) maintained between a minimum allowable state of charge (BSOCrnin) and a maximum permissible state of charge (BSOC ,,,,,), said method comprising the following steps: - a step of determination at a given instant of the minimum cell voltage (Ucmin) and the maximum cell voltage (Ucr, x) among the voltages at the terminals of the cells; - a step of calculating a minimum charge state (SOCmin) of the cell having the voltage of minimum cell (Ucmin) and maximum state of charge (SOCrrtax) of the cell having the maximum cell voltage (Ucr, x), the state of charge (SOCpack) of the battery being between said minimum state of charge (SOCrain) and said state of maximum load (SOCrrtax) r the method being characterized in that it comprises a step of adjusting said minimum allowable state of charge (BSOCrnin) and said maximum permissible state of charge (BSOCmax) of each cell according to at least one physical quantity representative of a state of health of the cell and / or depending on the temperature of the battery.
    [0002]
    2. Estimation method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one step including: - adjusting the state of charge (SOCpack) of the battery to the minimum state of charge value (SOCrrtin) ) when the minimum state of charge (S0Cmin) of the cell having the minimum cell voltage (Ucmin) is strictly less than the minimum permissible state of charge (BSOCrnin) of said cell, and / or, - adjust the state of charge (SOCpack) of the battery at the maximum charge state value (S0Cmax) when the maximum charge state (S0Cmax) of the cell having the maximum cell voltage (Ucmax) is strictly greater than the value permissible state of charge (BSOCrrtax) of said cell.
    [0003]
    3. Estimation method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, when the state of maximum charge (SOCrrtax) of the cell having the maximum cell voltage (Ucmax) is less than or equal to the maximum value permissible state of charge (BSOCrrtax) of said cell and the minimum state of charge SOCmin of the cell having the minimum cell voltage (Ucmin) is greater than or equal to the minimum permissible state of charge (BSOCmin) of said cell, the estimation method comprises a step including estimating the state of charge (SOC pack) pack of the battery, at a given instant k, by means of the relation: BSOC min (k) SOCpack (0 =,, 'x (BSOC max (k) - BSOCinfri (d + BSOC min (k) (BSOCina' (k) - SOC ma '(k)) + (SOC mi' (k) - BSOC mi '(k))
    [0004]
    4. Estimation method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, when the state of maximum charge (SOCrrtax) of the cell having the maximum cell voltage (Ucmax) is strictly greater than the maximum value of permissible state of charge (BSOCmax) of said cell and that the minimum state of charge (SOCntin) of the cell having the minimum cell voltage (Ucmin) is strictly less than the minimum permissible state of charge (BSOCrnin) of said cell, the method includes a step including assigning the value "unavailable" to the state of charge (SOC pack) pack of the battery.
    [0005]
    5. Estimation method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that said at least one physical quantity representative of a state of health of the cell is a voltage measured at the terminals of this cell and / or a current (IBAT ) passing through the cell and / or a temperature related to the cell.
    [0006]
    6. Estimation method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the correspondence between the minimum and maximum permissible state of charge (BSOCrnin, BSOCrnax) and said at least one physical quantity representative of the state. health of the cell is predetermined, preferentially in a table of value.
    [0007]
    7. Estimation method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: the utilization range defined between the minimum permissible state of charge (BSOCrrtin) and the maximum permissible state of charge (BSOCrrtax) is arranged to expand according to the state of health of the cell and the progress of its aging, and / or - said range of use is arranged to be bounded when the battery temperature is relatively low and below a predetermined temperature threshold
    [0008]
    8. System for estimating a state of charge (SOCpack) of a battery comprising several cells (C1, ... CN) electrochemical connected in series, each of the cells (C1, ... CN) having a state of load (SOC) to be maintained between a minimum acceptable state of charge (BSOCrnin) and a maximum permissible state of charge (BSOC ,,,,,), said system comprising: - a current sensor capable of supplying a measurement (IBAT) of the battery current, - one or more temperature sensors capable of providing a measurement (IBAT) of the battery temperature, - an electronic control unit (ECU) able to collect the minimum cell voltage (Ucrnin) ) and the maximum cell voltage (Ucr, x) among the voltages at the terminals of the cells, the electronic control unit (ECU) comprising a second estimation module (20) able to estimate the minimum state of charge (SOCrrtin) ) of the cell by means of the minimum cell voltage (Ucmin), the measurement of current (IBAT) and the temperature measurement (IBAT) of the battery, a third estimation module (30) able to estimate the state of maximum charge (SOCrrtax) of the cell by means of the maximum cell voltage (Ucr, x), the current measurement (IBAT) and the temperature measurement (IBAT) of the battery, a fifth estimation module (50) able to determine the state of charge (SOCpack) according to the minimum state of charge (SOCntin) and maximum state of charge (SOCmax), and as a function of the minimum permissible state of charge (BSOCrnin) and the maximum permissible state of charge (BSOCmax) determined by a fourth module (40) adapted to adjust said minimum allowable state of charge (BSOCmin) and said maximum permissible state of charge (BSOCmax) of each cell according to at least one representative physical quantity of a state of health of the cell and / or depending on the temperature of the battery.
    [0009]
    9. Evaluation system according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises a first module (10) able to deliver directly to the electronic control unit (ECU) only the minimum cell voltage (Ucmin) and the maximum cell voltage (Ucmax) -
    [0010]
    10. Vehicle characterized in that it comprises an estimation system according to any one of claims 8 or 9.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN106133540A|2016-11-16|
    KR20160130389A|2016-11-11|
    US20170016961A1|2017-01-19|
    FR3018360B1|2016-02-26|
    KR102071685B1|2020-01-30|
    CN106133540B|2020-10-02|
    EP3114493A1|2017-01-11|
    JP2017510800A|2017-04-13|
    JP6543263B2|2019-07-10|
    WO2015132544A1|2015-09-11|
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    法律状态:
    2015-03-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-03-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-03-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-03-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-03-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-03-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1451892A|FR3018360B1|2014-03-07|2014-03-07|METHOD OF ESTIMATING A CHARGE STATE OF A BATTERY COMPRISING MULTIPLE CELLS HAVING A VARIABLE CHARGE STATE UTILIZATION RANGE|FR1451892A| FR3018360B1|2014-03-07|2014-03-07|METHOD OF ESTIMATING A CHARGE STATE OF A BATTERY COMPRISING MULTIPLE CELLS HAVING A VARIABLE CHARGE STATE UTILIZATION RANGE|
    JP2016555751A| JP6543263B2|2014-03-07|2015-03-09|Method of evaluating the state of charge of a battery comprising a plurality of cells with various states of use |
    KR1020167024540A| KR102071685B1|2014-03-07|2015-03-09|Method for assessing a state of charge of a battery comprising a plurality of cells having a variable range of use of state of charge|
    CN201580012450.5A| CN106133540B|2014-03-07|2015-03-09|Method for evaluating the state of charge of a battery comprising a plurality of battery cells|
    PCT/FR2015/050566| WO2015132544A1|2014-03-07|2015-03-09|Method for assessing a state of charge of a battery comprising a plurality of cells having a variable range of use of state of charge|
    US15/124,295| US20170016961A1|2014-03-07|2015-03-09|Method for assessing a state of charge of a battery comprising a plurality of cells having a variable range of use of state of charge|
    EP15713992.4A| EP3114493A1|2014-03-07|2015-03-09|Method for assessing a state of charge of a battery comprising a plurality of cells having a variable range of use of state of charge|
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